“热射病致死”上热搜！热射病是什么？该如何急救？

本文转自：中国日报网

最近几天，南方高温堪称天气圈的“劳模”，每天兢兢业业冲击40℃，电风扇都热成了电吹风。

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截至12日20:30，全国57地发布高温红色预警，浙江、江苏、四川、安徽等多地最高温超过40℃。

Record-breaking temperatures have been logged across China, scorching many parts of the country.

持续高温，警惕“热射病”

据澎湃新闻报道，过去一周浙江持续高温，记者从浙江多家医院了解到，近日连续有中暑患者送医，多人确诊热射病并已有死亡病例。

一名49岁的男性在车间工作时突然昏倒，入院时体温40.7℃，6日下午送医时已经休克。丽水市中心医院急诊科医生吴建荣告诉澎湃新闻，经检查，患者多脏器功能衰竭并伴有弥散性血管内凝血，经过31个小时抢救，于8日凌晨去世。

据统计，丽水市中心医院近一周已接诊3名热射病患者，其中一名70岁女性在家没注意防暑，午睡时出现高热、意识模糊，送医时体温达42.5℃，多脏器衰竭，目前仍在抢救。

此前，话题#男子患热射病多脏器受损像煮过一样#也被广泛关注，郑州一名男子就因为中暑突然昏迷，被送到医院的ICU病房抢救时，医生监测他身体的核心温度已经达到了42.3度，体内所有的脏器就像在水里“煮”过一样，多脏器出现受损，最终医生诊断其为热射病。

This week, several people died due to heatstroke in Zhejiang province, which has recorded temperature over 40 degree Celsius.

Authorities in Zhejiang had released 10 red warnings for heat-the highest warning level in the local four-tier system-for July by Sunday, breaking the record over the same period in previous years.

热射病是什么病?

热射病即重度中暑(heatstroke/sunstroke)，表现为：高热(直肠温度≥41℃)、皮肤干燥(dry skin)(早期可以湿润)，意识模糊、惊厥(seizure)、甚至无反应，周围循环衰竭或休克，病死率很高。

▌中暑有哪些症状?

An obvious sign is excessive sweating, as well as feeling very hot and unwell with it.

通常表现为大汗淋漓，感觉十分热并引发不适

a headache

头痛

dizziness and confusion

头晕、恍惚

loss of appetite and feeling sick

食欲不振、恶心

cramps in the arms, legs and stomach

手臂、腿和胃抽搐

fast breathing or pulse

呼吸、脉搏加速

a temperature of 38℃ or above

体温达38℃及以上

being very thirsty

非常口渴

▌中暑了应该怎么做?

get them to rest in a cool place - such as a room with air conditioning or somewhere in the shade

转移到凉爽的环境中休息，比如空调房或阴凉处

remove any unnecessary clothing, to expose as much of their skin as possible

脱去多余衣物，尽可能多地暴露皮肤

cool their skin - use whatever you have available, a cool, wet sponge or flannel, spray water, cold packs around the neck and armpits, or wrap them in a cool, wet sheet

皮肤物理降温——用湿的凉海绵或绒布，放置在患者颈侧和腋下周围降温，或者用湿的凉布单包裹

fan their skin while it is moist - this will help the water to evaporate, which will help their skin cool down

若皮肤湿润，可用扇子扇风，加速水分蒸发而降温

get them to drink water - sports or rehydration drinks are fine too